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The Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST)〔"What Will Astronomy Be Like in 35 Years? ''Astronomy'' magazine, August, 2008〕〔"Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST): A Technology Roadmap For The Next Decade", 2009, M. Postman et al., http://arxiv.org/abs/0904.0941〕 is an 8 to 16.8-meter (26 to 55-foot) UV-optical-NIR space telescope proposed by Space Telescope Science Institute, the science operations center for the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). If launched, ATLAST would be a replacement and successor for the HST, with the ability to obtain spectroscopic and imaging observations of astronomical objects in the ultraviolet, optical, and infrared wavelengths, but with substantially better resolution than either HST or the planned James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Like JWST, ATLAST will be launched to the Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point. ATLAST is envisioned as a flagship mission of the 2025 – 2035 period, designed to determine whether there is life elsewhere in the galaxy. It will attempt to accomplish this by searching for "biosignatures The backronym that the project currently uses, 'ATLAST', is in fact a pun. It refers to the time taken to decide on a true, visible-light, successor for the Hubble Space Telescope. However, it is expected as the project progresses, a new name will be chosen for the mission. ==Design== ATLAST will have a primary mirror diameter in the 8 m to 16.8 m range. Two different telescope architectures have been identified for ATLAST, but with similar optical designs, that span the range in technologies. The architectures are a telescope with a monolithic primary mirror and two variations of a telescope with a large segmented primary mirror. The concepts invoke heritage from the HST and JWST designs, but also take significant departures from these designs to minimize complexity, mass, or both. ATLAST will have an angular resolution that is 5 – 10 times better than JWST and a sensitivity limit that is up to 2,000 times better than HST. Two of the concepts, the 8-m monolithic mirror telescope and the 16.8 m segmented mirror telescope, span the range of UVOIR observatories that are enabled by NASA's proposed Space Launch System (SLS) vehicle. The 8 m ATLAST offers the inherent advantages of a monolithic aperture telescope in terms of high-contrast imaging and superb wavefront control. The 16 m segmented mirror ATLAST represents a pathway to truly large apertures in space and uses the largest extrapolation of a JWST-like chord-fold primary mirror packaging. However, the ATLAST mission is not solely dependent on the SLS. The third concept, a 9.2 m segmented main mirror reflecting telescope is compatible with an Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) and also adopts JWST design heritage, essentially being an incrementally larger variant of the JWST, which has a 6.5 m segmented main mirror. The ATLAST technology development plan is supported with funding from NASA's Astrophysics Strategic Mission Concept Studies program, the Goddard Space Flight Center, the Marshall Space Flight Center, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (Caltech) and related programs at Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems and Ball Aerospace and Technology Corp. In both designs, ATLAST will be able to be serviced, much like the HST has been. Using either a robotic ferry (the currently proposed method), or an astronaut crew flying in an Orion spacecraft (which will allow NASA to gain experience for future manned Solar System missions), instruments such as cameras would be replaced and returned to Earth for analysis and future upgrades. Like the HST and proposed JWST, ATLAST would be powered by solar panels. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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